State of the Nation: South Africa 1994-2014

A twenty-year review of freedom and democracy

Figures and tables

Abbreviations and acronyms

General introduction
Thenjiwe Meyiwa, Muxe Nkondo, Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu, Moses Sithole and Francis Nyamnjoh

Part 1 Politics
1Twenty years of constitutional democracy
Judith February and Gary Pienaar
2 From the RDP to the National Development Plan: The mirage of a super-ministry
Temba Masilela and Sihle Mthiyane
3 Freedom of information and national security in South Africa
Mukelani Dimba
4 The vibrancy and governability of South African democracy
Muxe Nkondo
5 Twenty years of reconciling traditional governance with modern democracy
Gerard Hagg and Chuma Himonga

Part 2 The economy
6 Macro-economic visions and the labour-market question
Nicoli Nattrass
7 South Africa as an open economy: Problems and potentialities
Kenneth Creamer
8 Pro-poor rural development in South Africa?
Peter Jacobs and Tim Hart
9 Land redistribution: The politics of not making policy
Ruth Hall
10 Continuity, change and conflict in South African cities
Ivan Turok and Jackie Borel-Saladin
11 Youth unemployment dynamics in the labour market of the periphery
Catherine Cross and Stewart Ngandu
12 Xenophobia and reconciliation
Jan Hofmeyr and Kate Lefko-Everett

Part 3 Society
13 Poverty and substantive equality in the courts
Jackie Dugard and Narnia Bohler-Muller
14 Exploring police performance and police brutality in South Africa
Gareth Newham
15 Children, the Constitution, the law and social policy
Julia Sloth-Nielsen
16 Equity, access and quality in basic education
Shireen Motala
17 Quality school mathematics: An elusive aspiration?
Vijay Reddy and Andrea Juan
18 Key trends in South African society and the media, 2013
Herman Wasserman
19 Parody, politics and democracy in South Africa
Adam Haupt

Part 4 Health and the environment
20 Child vulnerability: Priority and responsibility
Chris Desmond and Linda Richter
21 South Africas response to the HIV and AIDS epidemics
Olive Shisana, Nompumelelo Zungu and Leickness Simbayi
22 Primary health care as the foundation of the South African health system: Myth or reality?
Laetitia Rispel, Julia Moorman and Pascalia Munyewende
23 Mitigating climate change: State of the carbon nation
Richard Calland
24 Poverty and employment impacts of the transition to a green economy
Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu, Charles Nhemachena and Stewart Ngandu

Part 5 South Africa and the world
25 South Africa and the BRICS in a multilateral, multipolar world
Elizabeth Sidiropoulos
26 Global financial governance and the opening to BRICS banking
Patrick Bond
27 Mining in post-apartheid South Africa: Challenges and opportunities
Claude Kabemba
28 Testing the waters of African Renaissance in post-apartheid South Africa
Francis Nyamnjoh and Katleho Shoro
29 The national question and citizenship-deficit: South Africa and Nigeria
Godwin Onuoha and Nedson Pophiwa

Contributors

Index

Narnia Bohler-Muller is acting executive director of the Democracy, Governance and Service Delivery research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council. and adjunct professor of law at the University of Fort Hare.

Patrick Bond is director of the Centre for Civil Society at the University of KwaZulu- Natal.

Jackie Borel-Saladin is a researcher at the HSRC, with expertise in spatial data analysis and urban geography.

Richard Calland is associate professor in Public Law at the University of Cape Town, senior associate of the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership and co-director of the African Climate Finance Hub.

Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu is executive director of the Economic Performance and Development programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Kenneth Creamer is a senior lecturer at the School of Economic and Business Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.

Catherine Cross is consultant chief research specialist at the Economic Performance and Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Chris Desmond is chief research specialist in the Human and Social Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Mukelani Dimba is executive director of the Open Democracy Advice Centre.

Jackie Dugard is a senior researcher at the Socio-Economic Rights Institute of South Africa; director of the Sexual Harassment Office at the University of the Witwatersrand; and visiting associate professor at the Law School, University of the Witwatersrand.

Judith February is a lawyer and senior analyst at the Institute for Security Studies (ISS).

Gerard Hagg is chief research specialist in the Democracy, Governance and Service Delivery research programme of the Human Sciences Research Council.

Ruth Hall is associate professor at the Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape.

Tim Hart is senior research manager in the Economic Performance and Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council and a doctoral candidate in the Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology at Stellenbosch University.

Adam Haupt is associate professor in the Centre for Film and Media Studies at the University of Cape Town.

Chuma Himonga is professor of law in the Department of Private Law at the University of Cape Town and holds the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation Chair in Customary Law at the same university.

Jan Hofmeyr is head of the Policy and Analysis programme at the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation.

Peter Jacobs is chief research specialist in the Economic Performance and Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Andrea Juan is a doctoral intern in the Education and Skills Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Claude Kabemba is director of the Southern Africa Resource Watch, a project of the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa.

Kate Lefko-Everett is a senior researcher at Mthente Research and Consulting Services.

Temba Masilela is deputy chief executive officer (research) of the Human Sciences Research Council.

Thenjiwe Meyiwa is research director of the Education and Skills Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council and honorary research associate at the Durban University of Technology.

Julia Moorman is a senior lecturer at the School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand.

Shireen Motala is director of postgraduate studies in the Research and Innovation Division, and associate professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of Johannesburg.

Sihle Mthiyane is director of policy development at the Department of Home Affairs.

Pascalia Munyewende is a researcher in the Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and is currently enrolled for her doctoral studies.

Nicoli Nattrass is professor of economics in the Centre for Social Science Research at the University of Cape Town.

Gareth Newham is head of the Governance, Crime and Justice division at the Institute for Security Studies.

Stewart Ngandu is chief researcher in the Economic Performance and Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Charles Nhemachena is senior research specialist in the Economic Performance and Development programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Muxe Nkondo, formerly vice-chancellor of the University of Venda, is currently engaged in policy and strategy development initiatives in a number of government agencies.

Francis Nyamnjoh is chair of the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Cape Town.

Godwin Onuoha is an African research fellow in the Democracy, Governance and Service Delivery research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Gary Pienaar is senior research manager in the Democracy, Governance and Service Delivery research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Nedson Pophiwa is chief researcher in the Democracy, Governance and Service Delivery research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Vijay Reddy is executive director of the Education and Skills Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Linda Richter is director of the Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Human Development (co-hosted by the Universities of the Witwatersrand and KwaZulu-Natal) and a distinguished research fellow at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Laetitia Rispel is professor and head of the School of Public Health at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. She is also the current president of the Public Health Association of South Africa and serves on the governing council of the World Federation of Public Health Associations.

Olive Shisana is chief executive officer of the Human Sciences Research Council, and co-chair of the AIDS 2016 Global Conference South Africa, a member of the World Class South Africans in 2012, and the 2013 South African Academy of Sciences Science-for-Society gold medal winner.

Katleho Shoro is a masters research scholar in the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Cape Town.

Elizabeth Sidiropoulos is director of the South African Institute of International Affairs.

Leickness Simbayi is executive director of the HIV and AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections and Tuberculosis programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Moses Sithole is chief research specialist in the Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (CeSTII) at the Human Sciences Research Council.

Julia Sloth-Nielsen is senior professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of the Western Cape.

Ivan Turok is deputy executive director of the Economic Performance and Development research programme at the Human Sciences Research Council; honorary professor at the Universities of Cape Town and Glasgow; and Editor-in- Chief of Regional Studies.

Herman Wasserman is professor of media studies in the Centre for Film and Media Studies at the University of Cape Town.

Nompumelelo Zungu is chief research specialist in the office of the CEO and in the HIV and AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections and Tuberculosis programme at the Human Sciences Research Council.